This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to dietary disorders, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. Diet for gastritis of the stomach is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the development of the disease in a more dangerous and / or painful form.
What is gastritis?
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the stomach lining. Due to its improper functioning, the digestive process is disturbed, various negative effects develop, and the mucous membrane itself gradually thins.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Rushing during meals, grasping and poorly chewing hot or cold food, consuming low-quality or harmful foods, fast food, fatty, salty and smoked in unlimited quantities, systemic nutritional disorders - all this can cause gastritis. In addition, insufficient amount of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain drugs, constant stress, smoking and thoughtless excessive consumption of alcohol also become risk factors.
Eating rules for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, drawn up by a doctor. There are a few simple and clear rules to follow:
- All food must be chewed thoroughly, you can not swallow food in pieces.
- It is recommended to organize your daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be partial and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times of 500-600.
- There should be 2. 5-3 hours between meals and it is better if the intervals are the same if possible.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. The incorrect temperature irritates the stomach walls, causing more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It is better if they are thermally processed, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh, cooking for future use in gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis?
- Stale bread, pastries and sweets in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or roasted (unpeeled) vegetables.
- Porridge from crushed cereals in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Unroasted lean meats and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, beef).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and milk products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Lozenge, lozenge.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of meals or boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to follow the correct drinking regimen. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is permissible to drink mineral water with an appropriate composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meats and sausages.
- Sausages and sausages.
- Roasted.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Pickled fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Canning and pickles.
- Fatty and sour milk products.
- Barley, millet, whole grains.
- Macaroni, pasta and noodles made from whole wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a food system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is prescribed for those who have stomach or duodenal ulcers. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise to reduce the intake of salt, as it not only retains fluids in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the problem:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft-boiled egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: baked sweet apples with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, stewed turkey meatballs or meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: stew of permitted vegetables, permitted fish baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease becomes chronic, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it is worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract from it all the nutrients and trace elements it needs. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all the systems of our body can suffer from this.
Principles of diet
- It is preferable to consume pureed, liquid and pureed dishes.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the remission period, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between + 15-60 ° C.
- The total caloric content of the diet per day should fit in 2500-3000 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
With gastritis with low acidity, the menu is not difficult to make, as it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is allowed. In the menu you will be able to include juices, compotes, kisses, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products.
However, there are also restrictions, for example, you will have to give up too fatty foods. It is not desirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried doughnuts, cakes with cream and pastries. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated by eaten vegetables, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of meals or as an addition to tea or coffee, it will fit perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with increased acidity
In this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which seems to "digest" the surrounding tissues, damaging the mucous membranes more and more. Therefore, the menu should be much more sparing than in the previous case.
Principles of diet
- No spicy food. Everything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately washed away.
- The products must be extremely low-fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods must be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to mash the products, wipe them before use.
- Eating should be done often and in portions, and the portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- Caloric content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
The goal of the diet in such a disease is to make the menu as sparing as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, stewed and baked vegetables and choose only non-acidic fruits. They also need to be boiled and ideally pureed. The consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Yogurt with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are boiled lightly, if necessary they are wiped, for soups only weak meat broths are used. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid food, even pureed food, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
Until the second day, you can slowly consume foods from the list of diet number 1. After that, you can already prepare liquid, pasta or creamy soups, puree low-fat fish or meat, boiled soft eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as other products from the prohibited list, should not be consumed.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucous membrane, which can soon turn into full-fledged ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you will need to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- Without fried, salted and smoked foods, all dishes are only boiled, steamed or baked without a crust.
- Small meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of one meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before a meal.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite thoroughly.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that there are 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet in atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken regularly at the same time. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that were already expressed for table #1 of the power system. You can consume all products from the list of allowed and refuse the prohibited ones.
Food is consumed warm, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, spicy and salty foods remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is best to abandon them forever so as not to provoke an acute condition.